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Hey @maxmp, I'm tagging you to tell you foobar2000 was the culprit. Thanks for the help before.

Well, I can, and it doesn't work so I really don't know what to do here other than bother you. Tone low sounds extremely low on Poweramp and not at the same volume of the other tracks. It sounds alright on foobar2000 and GoneMAD. The problem is Poweramp. ReplayGain is on and set to track. Tone high Opus sounds loud and Tone low Opus sounds low. Something is wrong here. Any help? EDIT: I know Tone high sounds the same volume. The problem is Tone low. EDIT 2: I got the test files on another phone. I can reproduce. Set Replaygain to on, no clipping protection, source track. Expected: All test files should sound equally loud Behaviour: Tone low Opus sounds extremely low. Phone 1: Samsung Galaxy J5 (2015). Modified with unofficial Bliss ROM. Phone 2: Nokia 1, Android 9. Stock ROM (unmodified). Both phones with latest Poweramp.

@maxmp Track gain doesn't work for Opus…

I'm using track gain. I don't need album gain as much as I can just adjust the volume at the start of the album, but when I'm listening on shuffle the faulty track gain doesn't help me and tracks usually play too loud or too low, even with ReplayGain on.

ReplayGain is on, no clipping protection, source is track, but hear me out. The behaviour I expect is for Opus files to sound equally loud to each other when ReplayGain is on and set to track. Poweramp doesn't achieve this. The Opus files have different loudness on playback. With Ogg and FLAC it works alright. The problem is Opus, which uses R128Gain; Poweramp applies gain, but it's not enough! And with a noise track or a simple tone this is very obvious.

Let's forget about those. I have new ones here! Test samples 2.zip

Yeah! OGG noise samples sound equally loud when ReplayGain is on. Opus samples do get some gain, but not enough to make them equally loud.

I provided four files but the forum thinks the OGGs are video. Making new samples right now and will upload them as a Zip. 2 FLAC, 2 Ogg and 2 Opus, a single 440hz sine wave, directly exported from Audacity, two different volumes.

I think I'm just gonna do a single 440 sine wave so we can have better samples.

I didn't upload any FLACs though. Anyways, does VLC even support R128Gain? I trust foobar2000 more than VLC. FWIW, GoneMAD plays both pairs at very different loudness with RG off. But when it's on, all files sound the same. EDIT: I can't get replaygain to work on VLC. Not even with my FLACs. All my music has replaygain. Maybe I'm missing a package...

Noise high: 5dB Noise high vorbis: -16,6dB Noise low: 29,09dB Noise low vorbis: 7,48dB EDIT: I uploaded Ogg files but the forum software recognized it as video. EDIT 2: I downloaded GoneMAD and it applies the gain correctly. It's definitely a Poweramp issue.

@maxmp I just know that ReplayGain and R128Gain on these sample files work fine on foobar2000. They all sound the same volume. It's Poweramp that has these issues. Both Noise high on Opus and Vorbis sound equally loud on foobar2000, same for both Noise low. And when gain is applied, all files sound equally loud. Poweramp plays all four files at different loudness whether ReplayGain is on or off. At the very least it should play both Noise low equally quiet and both Noise high equally loud. What other app can I use to calculate R128Gain tags? @andrewilley No, I specifically made sure none of my files had ReplayGain tags. See sample files.

OK yeah, either foobar2000 isn't tagging properly or Poweramp doesn't apply enough gain. Sample files attached. Noise high.opus Noise low.opus EDIT 2: It gets worse. Ogg Vorbis works perfectly. Both Opus files are quieter. Maybe Poweramp is shooting the header gain too much or too little? I don't know, I'm confused. Noise high vorbis.ogg Noise low vorbis.ogg

Just a question, does R128Gain work on Opus files? I try playing files on Poweramp with ReplayGain on and off and there is a difference - but it's not enough for them to be the same loudness. I add the R128 tags on foobar2000. Yes, foobar it says it's ReplayGain but for Opus files it does R128 instead. And I checked with Kid3, the tags are there. Poweramp shows them too, when you look at the track info. Any help?

This 100%. I don't want Poweramp touching my metadata unless given explicit permission. Using it is encouraged, modifying it is not something I ever want. So it should be optional and by default disabled if such a feature ever comes.