1. Xiaomi Redmi Note 3 Pro SE ('kate' edition)
2. Lineage OS 14.1 (Android 7.1.1)
3. HiRes output works well on Android 6.0-based stock MIUI rom. I hate all the MIUI things, so I've decided to get rid of them and installed 7.1-based custom rom, HiRes output disappeared on alpha-build-703 (from play store)
I've installed alpha-build-704 (APKMirror, version from 28th May 2016) and HiRes output is available again, but only for USB DAC (it states as follows: "Variant: USB DAC only"). I think something is broken in Nougat implementation, according to the rest of the posts here.